Java vs C (Differences Between Java and C#)

Java vs C is a very interesting topic for the programmer or those who interested in programming languages. In this article, I am explaining the difference between Java and C in Java vs C heading. But before reading that part you must be read about both languages, its advantages, and disadvantages. So that when you read Java vs C heading then the concept must be clear. Although, we all know about Java and C language. But yet lets some talk about both languages before start the differentiate between.

What is Java language?

Java language is a high-level programming language. It is developed by Sun Microsystems which was initiated by James Gosling and released in 1995. Java programming language can run on a variety of platforms, such as Windows, Mac OS, and the various versions of UNIX.  However, Java programming language has its own syntax rules, structure, and programming paradigm like other programming languages.

Java is intended to let application developers “write once, run anywhere”, which means that compiled Java code can run on all platforms that support Java without the need for recompilation.

Advantage of Java

• Object Oriented
• Platform Independent
• Easy and Simple

Object Oriented:

Java programming language is object-oriented language that allows programmers to create modular programs and reusable code.

Platform Independent:

One of the most important advantages of Java language is its ability to move easily from one computer system to another. The ability to run the same program on many different systems is important to World Wide Web software, and Java programming succeeds at this by being platform-independent at both the source and binary levels.

Easy and Simple:

Java programming language was designed to be easy to use and is therefore easy to write, compile, debug, and learn than other programming languages. Therefore Java programming language is easy and simple to learn.

Disadvantage of Java

Along with the advantages, everything has a disadvantage too. Here explained some disadvantages or drawbacks of using Java.

• Java compiler is not well optimized yet as compared to C++ compiler.
• There is no separation of specification from implementation.
• Memory management, with Java, is a little expensive.
• Since Java has a lack of templates it can’t create a high-quality data structure.

You can also read about Top 10 programming language

Java vs C is a very important topic for who want to program, and confused to choose between them. It provides you a major difference so that you can choose you perfect programming language.

What is C language?

C language is a high-level and general-purpose programming language which is mainly used for developing firmware or portable applications. It was originally intended for writing system software and developed at Bell Labs by Dennis Ritchie for the Unix Operating System in the early 1970s.

Since C language gives programmers maximum control and efficiency, therefore it has been around for several decades and has won widespread acceptance.

Advantages of C language

• Easy to learn
• The speed of Compilation
• Portable
• Lots of Libraries

Easy to learn:

C programming syntax is very easy to understand. It uses the common keyword like if, else, goto, switch, main, etc that we all are using in our day to day life to convey meaning or to get some decisions.

The speed of Compilation:

C programming compiler produces machine code very fast as compared to other language compilers. It can compile around 1000 lines of code in a second or two seconds. One more advantage of  C compiler is that it also optimize the code for faster execution.

Portable:

Since C programming language setup is around 3-5 MB. therefore, you can carry this language in your Floppy Drive or Pen Drive. It is very easy to install and operate because its output is an exe file which can be executed in any computer without any other framework/software.

Lots of Libraries:

The C programming language provides lots of functions which consist of system generated functions and user-defined functions. Its compiler comes with a list of header files which consist of many general functions which can be used to develop a program. However, programmers can also create function as per their requirements that is called as a user-generated/defined function.

Disadvantages of C language

• C does not support Object Oriented Programming.
• It does not offer data security.
• C programming language doesn’t have the concept of constructor or destructor.
• It doesn’t have the concept of namespace.
• C language has a low level of abstraction.

Java vs C (Differences Between Java and C)

The use of different programming paradigms is the key factor of most difference between Java and C. Like on one side Java is an object-oriented language while another side C language is procedure-oriented language. Java is an interpreted language but C is a compiled language. C  is a low-level language but Java is a high-level language. Java language does not use pointers but C language uses. Some more differences between Java and C are described below

On the basis of:

• Language type
• Programming Paradigms (pattern/models)
• Approach
• Preprocessors
• Portability
• Object Management
• Memory Management
• Thread
• Exception Handling
• Overloading
• Memory Allocation
• Calling Functionality

Language type

<1> Java is an object-oriented programming language. An object-oriented programming language is a type of programming language in which we have to define data types of a data structure and the types of operations that can be applied.

C language is a procedural programming language. A procedural programming language or imperative language is a type of computer language that specifies a series of well-structured steps and procedures within a programming context to compose a program.

<2> Java is an interpreted language while C language is a compiled language.

<3> Java language is a high-level language while C language is a low-level language.

<4> In Java, due to support for Inheritance (It is very useful in case of code reusability), code reusability is possible. But C language does not support this function. So code reusability does not possible in C language.

Programming Paradigms (pattern/models)

<1> Java breaks down to objects hile C breaks down to function.

<2> Java language is more data-oriented while C is more procedure oriented.

Approach

Java follows a bottom-up approach while C language follows a top-down approach. It means C language gives much importance to the flow of the program rather than on data on which it operates.

Preprocessors

It is a computer program that processes its input data to produce output that is used as input to another program. Java does not support preprocessors but C supports.

Portability

Java is portable so it is platform independent. But we have to install JDK which provides JVM due to which it becomes platform independent. C language is not portable so it is platform dependent.

Object Management

In Java programming, it is automatically managed by a garbage collector. While in C programming, one has to manage it manually.

Memory Management

Java internally manages the memory and does not support the use of pointers. Pointers is used to store and manage the address of a dynamically allocated block of memory. But C language is user-based memory management and supports the use of pointers.

Thread

Java supports threads while C language doesn’t.

Exception Handling

It is a process in which a programming construct is used to consistently trap, intercept and handle the error occurred during application execution. In Java, the Exception Handling mechanism is available for handling error so that the normal flow of the program can be maintained. C language does not provide a direct mechanism for handling exceptions.

Overloading

It is very useful in code readability. Java supports overloading method while C language doesn’t support overloading functionality at all.

Memory Allocation

<1> In Java, memory allocation can be done by a new keyword while in C, memory allocation can be done by malloc.

<2> In Java, a compiler will do it internally by calling the garbage collector while in C, one has to use free for freeing the memory.

Calling Functionality

Java only supports a call by value while C supports call by value and call by reference.

You can read this table for understand above information in short.

Conclusion:

Although, there are many advantage and disadvantage of both languages that makes them differ from one another. However, someplace Java language looks more attractive, while someplace C language. I have explained this difference in both in the Java vs C part. If you are a programmer then you must read about “Java vs C” topic it helps you to choose programming language between them.